Introduction For Gas Lift

In order to boost production from wells, which do not flow at all or do not flow at optimum level, artificial system using a variety of methods are used. These methods use Gas Lift, Plunger Lift, Chamber Lift, Rod Pumps, Submersible Pumps and so on. Artificial Lift Selection for a particular well can be determined by evaluating several factors such as well's production potential, Gas/Oil ratios, well bore deviation and size as well as corrosion/erosion potential of produced fluids. Other factors include availability of power source such as compressed gas, electricity, surface facility, service availability, space limitation and personnel capabilities. The diagram below provides the basic components of a Gas lift System. In many fields, a high pressure well provides a readily available energy source. If sufficient gas pressure or volume is not available, a compressor can be utilized to operate a closed system. The Gas is recirculated through a compressor facility. Only minor amount of make up gas is needed to replenish gas lost in separation processing or as fuel for compressor facilities.

Gas Lift is one of a number of processes used to artificially lift Oil from wells where there is insufficient Reservoir pressure. The process involves injecting gas down the well through tubing (Annular Flow) or through the tubing-casing Annulus (Tubing Flow). Injected gas aerates the fluid to make it exert less pressure than the formation does; the resulting higher formation pressure forces the fluid out of the wellbore. Gas may be injected continuously or intermittently, depending on the producing characteristics of the well and the arrangement of the gas-lift equipment. Although the gas is recovered from the oil at a later separation stage, the process requires energy to drive a Compressor in order to raise the pressure of the gas to a level where it can be re-injected. The gas-lift mandrel is a device installed in the tubing string of a gas-lift well into which a gas-lift Valve is fitted. The gas-lift valve is installed in the sidepocket Mandrel, however, the valve is installed and removed by Wireline while the mandrel is still in the well, eliminating the need to pull the tubing. Tubing and casing pressures cause the valve to open and close, thus allowing gas to be injected into the fluid in the tubing to cause the fluid to rise to the surface.

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